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CR544-556題

【OG20-P564-617題】

Neuroscientist: Memory evolved to help animals react appropriately to situations they encounter by drawing on the past experience of similar situations. But this does not require that animals perfectly recall every detail of all their experiences. Instead, to function well, memory should generalize from past experiences that are similar to the current one.

The neuroscientist’s statements, if true, most strongly support which of the following conclusions?

(A) At least some animals perfectly recall every detail of at least some past experiences.

(B) Perfectly recalling every detail of all their past experiences could help at least some animals react more appropriately than they otherwise would to new situations they encounter.

(D) Recalling every detail of all past experiences would be incompatible with any ability to generalize from those experiences.

(E) Animals can often react more appropriately than they otherwise would to situations they encounter if they draw on generalizations from past experiences of similar situations.

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答案：

神經(jīng)學(xué)家：

依靠過(guò)去的同樣狀況下的經(jīng)驗(yàn)記憶進(jìn)化幫助動(dòng)物對(duì)遇到的狀況作出正確的反應(yīng)。但是并不需要?jiǎng)游锿耆貞浧鸾?jīng)歷的每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。相反，為起作用，記憶應(yīng)該將與現(xiàn)狀相同的過(guò)去經(jīng)歷普遍化。結(jié)論題 A 至少一些動(dòng)物完全回憶起至少一些經(jīng)歷的細(xì)節(jié)；原文沒(méi)提到，跳出范疇，排 B 完全回憶過(guò)去經(jīng)歷的每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)能幫助至少一些動(dòng)物對(duì)新情況更好的反應(yīng)；原文說(shuō)并不需要完全回憶，與原文信息不符，排 C 過(guò)去經(jīng)歷的普遍化要求清晰的記得大多數(shù)細(xì)節(jié)；原文沒(méi)提到，跳出范疇，排 D 回憶起每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)與任何普遍化的能力不相容；原文沒(méi)提到相容問(wèn)題，排 E 如果普遍化過(guò)去經(jīng)歷，動(dòng)物能對(duì)遇到的狀況作出更好的反應(yīng)；與原文邏輯鏈高度一致，見(jiàn)原文最后一句，正確